10 Different Ethical Principles

1. Decision-making is not an easy subject never, it is a very difficult responsibility that requires a lot of courage, self-confidence and justice, so we have to be careful in making decisions.

2. Golden mean in media ethics (text, page. 7-9)

According to the great philosopher Aristotle, that the moral behavior is to stay moderate between the parties and stay neutral away from personal emotions. We have to do same thing as a professionals in spreading news and work in any media profession.

3. Utilitarian theory (text, page. 10-12)

It is a powerful theory and it means that no one is more valuable than any one. Everyone has quantity and quality being equal.

4. Pluralistic Theory of value (text, page. 12-13)

Ross thought there are defended behind the actions of people. He created a list called duties.

Duties of Fidelity

Duties of Reparation

Duties of Gratitude

Duties of Justice

Duties of Beneficence

Duties of Self-Improvement

Duties of not injuring others

5. Truth (text, page. 21-25)

Truth must be the first ethical principle in all companies or news agencies because it is always easier and better way to reach the top or avoid crises. should always make true statement and caution when making promises as well as immediately recognize when something wrong happened occurs so as not to shake the public's confidence. Telling the truth is not only an issue of moral it is also an issue of right appreciation of real situation and of serious reflection to them.

 

6. Ethical news values (text, page. 35-36)

Journalists should remain the ethical values in their minds when they covering any news or stories as well as all employees should use these values not only the journalists. The ethical values: Accuracy –Confirmation-Tenacity-Dignity-Reciprocity-Sufficiency-Equity-Community-Diversity.

7. TARES test (text, page. 56-59)

It is a set of questions to the ethical principles of the publicity and advertising and public relations professionals. Each letter has meaning and asking about different ethical question.

T: Is the claim truthful?

A: Is the claim authentic?

R: Does the advertisement treat the receiver with respect?

E: Is there equity between the advertiser/public relations specialist and the consumer?

S: Is the advertisement socially responsible?

Through these questions, we can assess the Advertising and sentencing it.

8. Potter Box (text, page. 86-88)

This is the optimal way to make decisions when we face moral dilemmas.

1. Understand the facts.

2. Outlining values.

3. Application of the principles.

4. Articulation of loyalties.

9. Privacy (text, page. 111-118)

Privacy is one of the human rights that cannot debate it. PR workers and journalists must take that into account when publish any private details for any person and must distinguish what the public has a right to know, needs to know and wants to know?

10.  Social responsibility theory (text, page. 161-162)

One of the main responsibilities of the press in front of the community is represent the events and news clearly and truthful and frank without cheating and manipulation.